to do 作状语一般是表目的

而doing则是指那个状态

比如说:He did his homework,listening classical music.他听着古典音乐在做家庭作业

To get a satisfying score,he devoted his much time and energy to studying.为了取得一个好成绩,他把大量的时间和精力都投入到了学习上

动词不定式做目的状语和现在分词作目的状语的具体区别如下

【1】不定式作目的状语,带有很强的目的性。有时为了突出和强调目的性,可以把不定式置于句首,或者在不定式前加in order或so as(但so as to do不可位于句首)。

One of my old friends came to see me from Beijing yesterday.我的一个老朋友昨天从北京来看我。

In order to ensure success, we must make a complete and thorough plan.为了保证成功,我们必须要有一个周密的计划。

The speaker raised her voice so as to make herself heard.为了让别人听见,演讲者提高了嗓门儿。

【2】现在分词作目的状语,目的性不是非常明确。它往往带有伴随性,目的和伴随兼而有之。多放于句末,且与主句用逗号隔开。

Many young farmers hunted around from city to city, hoping to get good jobs. 许多年轻的农民从一个城市到另一个城市,希望得到好工作。

The secretary worked late into night, preparing a report for the manager.秘书为了给经理准备一个报告而工作到深夜。

She kept it a secret, trying not to lose her job.她对此保守秘密,尽量别丢掉工作