1、did是do的过去式,由此判断 What did you do?这个句子是一般过去时。表示对过去的事情的提问。
2、 What did you do是特殊疑问句,译为“你做了什么/你做过什么”。答语应该为:主语+动词过去式+其他.
如: What did you do yesterday?
        I did my homework./ I watched TV./ I washed my clothes./ I went swimming with my friend.
例句的回答中:did washed washed went均为动词过去式
What did you do是什么时态
句型结构:
问:What did you do+地点( at home, in your school, at the zoo.o )?
I/We+动词过去式(saw, played swam.)(+其他)
What did you do there? 你们在那里做什么了?
We went to the bund and visited the Shanghai museum 我们去了(上海)外滩并且参观了上海博物馆。
该问句用于询问对方过去在某个地方做了什么, 事情生在过去,所以时态为一般过去时
其基本框架:疑问词十助动词十人/物+动词原形+其他?
问句中的did是助动词,帮助构成疑问句。
问句中的do为实义动词,意为“做"
例: 
Henry: Hi, Peter. What did you do at home?? 
嗨, 皮特你周末你在家做什么了?
Peter: I watched TV. what about you? 我看电视了。你呢?
Henry: I did my homework 我做我的家庭