区别为:含义不同、用法不同、侧重点不同。
一、含义不同
1、although
释义:conj. 虽然尽管。
2、though
释义:conj. 然而可是。
3、even if
释义:如果
4、even though
释义:即便如此
二、用法不同
1、although
用法:although可置于句首(此时多用逗号与主句分开),也可置于句末(此时用不用逗号均可),也可用于句中表强调。
2、though
用法:though引导让步状语从句时表示一种假设的情况或含有推测的意味,从句的谓语动词可用陈述式,也可用虚拟式 有时为了强调让步的意义,可采用倒装语序。
3、even if
用法:作“即使,纵使”解,用来引导让步状语从句,even if多用于口语中。
4、even though
用法:even though引导的让步从句所指的则是事实兼让步。
三、侧重点不同
1、although
解析:although较书面,语气上although更强调让步关系。
2、though
解析:though较常用,是用来引导已成事实的。
3、even if
解析:even if引导的才是未成事实的事或者假设的事。
4、even though
解析:even though引导的是已成事实的事。
although和though和even if和even though的区别
①although和though同义,在一般情况下,可以互换使用。只是though较普遍,常用于非正式的口语或书面语中,而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重,常用以强调让步概念。
如:. Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one.
虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的。
He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.
虽然我警告他不要做,但他仍然坚持要做。
②even能和though组合表示强调,但even不能和although组合。因此,不能说even although,在这里even though=even if(no matter if though即使……也……)
如:
Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.
即使我们付得起这笔钱,也不出国度假。
③当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时,通常用though,而不用although。
如:Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.
就算全世界都反对我,我还是坚持我的立场。
Though everybody deserts you, I will not.
即使所有人都抛弃你,我也不会的。
④though可以独立用作副词,常放在句末,意为all the same (还是仍然)或however(可是然而),而although无此用法。
如:
She didn't tell me what she had done, but I know it though.
她没有告诉我她所做的事情,但我还是知道了。
It's hard work. I enjoy it, though.
工作很苦,可是我喜欢。
⑤though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装,而although从句则不能。
如:Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.
虽然他们打得很勇敢,但还是没有机会获胜。
相同点:
①在although和though引导的让步状语从句中,主句里不可用but,若要强调前后两部分的对比意义,可在主句前加yet或still。
如:. Although/Though he has a lot of money, yet/still he is unhappy.
他虽然有很多钱,但并不幸福。
②although和though引导让步状语从句时,常采用省略形式。
如: Although tired (=Although he was tired), he kept on working.
虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作。
The problem, though complicated(=though it is complicated), can be solved without much difficulty.
这个问题虽然复杂,但解决起来不会有很大困难。