因为hold是不规则动词啊 所以hold-held-held fold是规则的 fold-folded-folded
不规则动词并不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中
的一些内部规律来记忆,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、 原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run
come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed
四、 过去式,过去分词相同:
(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) 将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) 将d改为t
lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) 将i改为a , o, u等
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat
win/won/won
dig/dug/dug
(9) 将ell改为old
tell/told/told sell/sold/sold
(10) 词尾加t
learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled
(12) 其它
have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)
find/found/found make/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1) 过去式以ew结尾 、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden
(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen
eat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallen
give/gave/given
(5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/been do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、 有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find 找到、发现find/found/found
found 创建,成立 found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1) come/came/come来—— go/went/gone去
(2) give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得
(3) sleep/slept/slept睡觉——
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked 醒来
(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——
fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉
(5) buy/bought/bought买—— sell/sold/sold出售, 卖
(6) take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought 带来
(7) teach/taught/taught教——
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 学习、学会
(8) lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——
find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、发送——
get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得、收到
(二)、词义相近:
(1) beat/beat/beaten .打, 打败
win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解
know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 认识
(3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become 变成, 成为, 变得
go/went/gone变成
turn/turned/turned变成
(4) spend/spent/spent 花费、度过
pay/paid/paid 支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5) say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told 告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论